The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate: • It states that Homo Erectus evolved into modern day humans in Africa, then travelled to other places around the world • Main Points Genetic Evidence and Genetic Variation: • Little to no genetic variation among humans • Meaning that humans evolved in one place (Africa) • Most Genetic Variation is found in Africa • Meaning that homo sapiens started off in Africa and evolved there o Most of the population left and others stayed in Africa Tools & Techniques • Humans and Neanderthals had simlar tools and techniques • This means that they had to evolve in one place and then move around the world because their tools techniques were the same o The similarities proved to have come from the same place, not evolved separately Skulls • The oldest known Homo Sapiens Skulls were found in Africa • This supports the out of Africa theory because it shows that Homo Erectus evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa
way to support your points! :) you have lots of back up to prove them which is great and will persuade your reader, nice job! :D you may want to add a little to your last point about the skulls, like some specific one of give information about the "Oldest" one found or something... just an idea :)
There are two theories about how Homo Sapiens came to be from Homo Erectus. These theories are known as the "Out of Africa" model, the model of origin that states that Homo erectus traveled all over Eurasia and then back to Africa, and from there they breed and evolved into Homo Sapiens and The "Multi-regional" model, the model of origin that states that during this trip around the Eurasia, Homo Erectus interbreed and evolved into Homo Sapiens. It is argued which model is most accurate. Even though that in my debate for Mr. Allegra's Ancient History and Religion class I supported the "Multi-regional" model, I now support the "Out of Africa" model as the most accurate origin of Homo Sapiens. This is because:
1. Living humans (homo sapiens) derive from the species Homo Erectus that left Africa nearly two million years ago. This gives them plenty time to have gone around the world and then back to Africa and to slowly evolve into Homo Sapiens.
2. Levels of gene flow have been found between geographically separated populations. This prevents the forming of new species in other places (besides Africa).
3. Homo Sapiens ultimately arose in one place, Africa.
4. Homo Sapiens migrated out of Africa and replaced all other human populations, without breeding with other species.
5. (Much more information is included in my Essay)
It looks like you've got some really valid points. Nice work. The only thing I would really change is that your points are a bit unorganized. This isn't necessarily a bad thing as long as YOU know what you're talking about. Other than that, it all looks pretty good.
I think that the out of Africa theory is correct because the oldest found fossils/ bones were found in Africa. Also the fact that how would people in different places evolve at the same time and how could people on the other side of the world have the same tools as each other? The answer that makes the most sence is that we all came from africa and spread out later. Also Africa has the most genetic variations then anyone in the world becasue they have been there the longest giving them more time to evolve and change.
Great Job Michael!!! It looks really good except for a few little things... 1) There was a really long sentence in your first paragraph, explaining the out of africa and multi-regional views that you might want to turn into two sentences (but i mean mine is just bullets, so it doesn't even matter at this point). 2) you might want to expand on "levels of gene flow" and explain what it is etc. in your practice essay.
Which Origen theory of Homo Sapiens is the most accurate? • The Multiregional theory is the most accurate. o It states that Homo Erectus evolved in Africa, migrated out to other regions and then evolved into Homo Sapiens. • Point one: the variation between different races of humans o The multiregional theory accounts for the fact that there are different races throughout the world • This would have taken longer if Homo sapiens had first evolved in Africa • Point two: fossil evidence proves that Homo erectus had to migrate out because there have been Homo Erectus skeletons, skulls, ect. found in many different regions o This disproves the theory that Homo Erectus stayed in Africa • Point three: man cannot survive in Africa as primitive (of a part or structure in the first or early stage of formation or growth; rudimentary). o Man needed tools in order to evolve, yet before they had tools they were only surviving off of staple foods (very simple traditional foods) o The staple foods only grow if the area is fertile and Africa was not other than the 2 miles on either side of the Nile after annual flooding • So since the conditions of Africa aren’t fertile enough for man to have survived then man could not have originated in Africa. • There have been modern humans found in Australia, Mungo Man o This finding then disproves the out of Africa theory because his genetic line has vanished yet his skeleton is completely modern which means that there could have be bottle necks that explain why some survived and others didn’t • (will then go into detail about bottle necks) ~ ciel rodriguez
Well Ciel, gangin' up on me are you? Great Work! Only a few corrections: 1. Why are there so many friggginn' bullet points (not that it matters but it triggers my OCDness) 2. You've split some of your statements up with these bullets so it's hard to follow. 3. To be really nit picky, Be more specific on some parts. By some parts I mean one part i.e. This disproves the theory that Homo Erectus stayed in Africa. Why? but its no biggy (don't dump me on a post it) Good job ~Michael Henley
i personally believe in the muliti-regional theory. Some examples of why i think so would be java man and beijing man. these skeletons of HOMO ERECTUS were both found OUTSIDE of africa. So if all homo sapiens evolved in africa, how did these two guys find their way to indonesia and china? The answer would be they probably DID NOT evolve in Africa. Also, the genetic evidence that supports the out of africa theory is not substantial because there could have been a bottleneck. a bottleneck is where there is a large drop in the population (drought, famine, etc.) and genetic diversity is lost. Its like if you have a bunch of jelly beans in tons of colors in a bottle. if you pour out only a small amount, (these jelly beans would be the survivors after whatever event took place) then all of the different colors that did not make it out of the bottle would die out. This could explain why we have nt found any genetic evidence that supports the multi-regional theory.
The best theory for the origin of Homo Sapiens is the Out-of-Africa Theory. This theory states that Homo Sapiens formed in Africa and then traveled to other places in the world. Some supporting statements include the fact that fossils of modern day humans were discovered in Africa confirming the theory. Also, modern human differences is a recent phenomenon, which disproves one point of the multi regional theory. Neanderthals and humans constructed like tools proving that both species evolved in the same region. Genetic variation is minute proving that interbreeding between species was minimal, again confirming the theory that homo sapiens evolved in the same place.
You said that fossils of modern day humans were founds in Africa, and that therefore confirms the theory. Haven't skeletons of modern day humans been found most everywhere? You also said that modern human differences disproves the multi-regional theory. I think that this just even further disproves the out of africa theory because if all modern humans evolved in the same place (africa) then wouldnt all modern humans look the same?
The most resonable and best theory for the origin of the Homo Sapiens is the "Out of Africa" Theory. This theory states that the Homo Sapiens were created only once in Africa and then departed from Africa to other parts of the region. The first point is there are specific DNA evidence that back up this theory that cannot be argued in any way. The y-chromosome allows scientists to study the DNA of people from all around the world. These y-chromosomes that have been researched have found that they are all similar. Nothing can be more specific than DNA. The second point is that there are the difference in the tools being used. When the skeletons of the Homo Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens were found there were tools that resembled each other and rarely differed from each other. This would back up our theory because if the tools they had were the same, they would have to have originated from the same place, hard to make the same tools if you didn't live next to one another. The third point is fossil evidence. Although there have been fossils that have been found in many different regions such as Java Man and Beijing Man, the oldest Homo Erectus fossil found still resides in Africa, making Africa the most possible place for Homo Erectus to have evolved into Homo Sapiens.
Annie, you did a wonderful job at backing up all of your points, but the last one about the fossils try to back it up with more evidence, it can easily be argued!! Michael, you have great points but the only advice I would give you is to back up your statements more thouroughly! Great job though!! Robert, I thought you came out with your points very well and did a great job at stressing them, maybe add another point because your points are fairly short, but it looks really good! Ciel, it looks like you are ready to write your essay, your points are clearly labeled and it looks very good!!! Lauren, your points look good as well. I would try to elaborate on them to prove to the reader that your theory is the best theory! Watch out for what Robert said, he did put out a good point!
Before Homo sapiens came to be, Homo erectus was the species closest to modern day humans. The question is how did Homo erectus evolve into Homo sapiens? There are two theories, the Out-of-Africa theory and the Multiregional theory. The Out-of-Africa theory states that Homo erectus evolved once, in Africa, and later emigrated to Europe and Asia. The Multiregional theory argues that Homo erectus left Africa and emigrated throughout Asia and Europe. As a result, Homo erectus evolved into Homo sapiens in each region of migration, but interbreeding occurred. The Multiregional theory can be supported with the variation of races in the human population, fossils, and the theory that a bottleneck occurred. 1. Variation of races: Natural selection is responsible for the regional variants, or races. Homo erectus evolved into Homo sapiens in various regions, but the environment gave each region a small physical distinction to help them better survive. Homo Erectus left Africa about 1.8 million years ago, giving Homo sapiens enough time to adapt to their new environment, but in the Out-of-Africa theory, Homo sapiens left Africa about 100,000 years ago. One hundred thousand years would not be enough time for Homo sapiens to evolve into different races. 2. Fossils: Java Man, found in Indonesia, and Beijing Man, found in China, were two Homo erectus skeletons found outside of Africa. There have also been discoveries of in China, where a couple of skulls dated to roughly 100,000 years ago possess a mixture of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens traits. 3. Bottleneck: The genetic evidence used to support the Out-of-Africa theory is not accurate, because a bottleneck could have occurred. A bottleneck is a large decrease in population due to a famine, drought, or other environmental change. Bottlenecking is why genetic evidence that supports the Multiregional theory has not been found.
Nice job! I like that you chose the Multi-Regional theory (probably had something to do with your team's good debate skills hahaha :P). I only have a few things to comment on your work: 1) I know its silly but u spelled origin wrong and its bugging me... 2) I hate to admit it but Michael's right about the some of the statements being hard to understand just because the bullets break them up 3) Under "Point one" you say that "this would have taken longer if Homo Sapiens evolved in africa". This doesn't really support your statement, it's a good fact but I think you should add a more supportive point to your argument. Way to go! :P
The out of Africa theory is the most accurate. The theory states that Homo Erectus evolved into modern day humans in Africa, then traveled to other places around the world. Genetic evidence and variation defends this theory with the fact that there is practically no genetic variation between humans. The few genetic variations that are found have been in Africa. The out of Africa theory states that Homo-sapiens started off in Africa and evolved there, most populations left while others in Africa. humans and neanderthals lived among each other at one point in history, this can be proven with the similarities shared by the their tools. the oldest Homo Sapien fossil has been found in Africa, supporting once again the out of Africa theory.
ciel you honestly are ready for practice essay, you have things to support all you statements and everything! alyson you also did really well, you have it sweet and simple along with your main points and the facts you can support them with. Annie you have valid points and did amazing too, i'd organize it more for others to really understand what your talking about better but good job everyone.
Lauren, I definitely agreed with what Robert said. Fossils of modern day humans have been found everywhere. You could say that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens fossils have been found in the same place, which helps support Out-of-Africa. I would be more specific and give more support to your statements. What is the multi-regional theory on races? How does Neanderthals and humans having the same tools help support Out-of-Africa theory?
Robert, Good points! (for both commenting on mine and the answer to the question) BUT weren't Java man and Beijing man found relatively recently?? This would prove the out of africa theory because its saying that they moved out of africa later rather than earlier Alyson, Really good! I like how you went into detail about everything you mentioned and fully explained everything. I would say the same thing i said to robert but you included the part about fossils being found in china. That was saying that the skulls dated to 100,000 years ago (which was the time that homo sapiens left africa in the out of africa theory) and counters the argument with the idea that homo sapiens had moved out of africa earlier than 100,000 years ago.
Lara, You start off great, but after you state that the few genetic variations have been found in Africa, your next statement restates what you have already said and you do not complete your thought. How do we know Neanderthals and Homo sapiens lived among each other at a time in history? I like where you are going with it though. Good job!
It would prove the out of africa theory, but the important thing is that they are both Homo Erectus, not Homo Sapiens. This would help support the multi-regional theory since it shows that Homo Erectus has been found in other places than Africa. Also, the point at which the skeletons were discovered does not have any impact on their substantiality as pieces of evidence.
The Out Of Africa theory, which states that, all humans evolved in Africa and move out around the world is more accurate than the multi regional theory because the oldest skulls were found in Africa proving that all humans had to start there and then move out.
You said that the fact that Java Man and Beijing Man were found recently proved the Out of Africa theory because it sates that they moved out of Africa later as oppose to earlier. I was just saying that the date in which they were discovered does not have any impact as to whether or not they are circumstantial pieces of evidence.
The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate. The Out of Africa says that Homo sapiens had evolved in Africa and then traveled to other parts of the world. It is the most accurate because there has been more evidence to support it. Some of the evidence is that we have found the oldest fossil in Africa. Also that we had found tools used by Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals that were very similar indicating that they most likely had to live near each other to be able to develop such similar tools. Finally, through the study of DNA and the Y-chrosome we have discovered that everybody shares a similar y-chrosome.
The Out of Africa theory is the most accurate. The Out of Africa Theory states that humans originated in Africa and then spread out into other continents over time. There are many facts supporting this theory. For one, studies of mitochondrial DNA has proven that Africans have the most genetic variation. From this, scientists can infer that Africans have been on Earth longer than anyone else. Scientists and Archaeologists have also found fossils and that skulls in Africa that date back longer than any other fossils found in another location.
I believe that the Multi-regional theory is the most accurate theory for the "origin of Homo Sapiens". The multi-regional theory states that Homo Erectus moved out through all of the world from Africa, and then transformed into Homo sapiens in their new locations, and some in Africa because some Homo Erectus stayed there. DNA has proven that we all have blood from Africa where Homo Erectus originated, and we all have common blood types with Homo Erectus, who we came from, the cache is that we do not have a direct african blood connection (with the exception of the Homo Sapiens that have been created from the Homo Erectus in africa), which means that we could not have directly lived and been created in africa. Also skeletons of Homo Erectus have been found in places outside of Africa, which proves that Homo Erectus traveled versus just staying in Africa and Homo Sapiens just being created there.
Thanks for clarifying! Yeah I get what you are saying... How old the bones are would be better than when they were found. I'll beat you next time though. watch out
Lauren, You had really good points to support your theory! The idea about the fossils could have been in a little bit more detail, such as going into depth and tell why it disproves the other theory. Other than that it was really rockin!
Alyson, You had really good details to support you points! It went into depth and answered most of the questions that could be debatable. The info was also relevant and correct... i think lol Nice Blog entry!
Pro Out-of-Africa Theory Point 1: Genetic Similarity Between Modern Day Humans -Humans today contain a large amount of genetic similarity. This suggests that humans came from one single ancestor. -This is proven by the tracking of mitochondrial DNA and Y- chromosomes in humans
Point 2: Genetic Variation is Highest in Africa -There is the highest amount of genetic variation among populations in Africa. -This suggests that Homo Sapiens have been living here the longest, which supports the idea that all Homo Sapiens originated in Africa.
Point 3: Oldest Homo Sapiens fossils found in Africa -The fossilized skulls of two adult Homo Sapiens and one child Homo Sapiens were found in the Afar region of Ethiopia near the Herto Village -Skulls date back to 160,000 making them the oldest known fossils of Homo Sapiens (The skulls are anatomically modern) -Skulls date back to around the time when biologists predict a “mitochondrial eve” would have arisen -Advanced tools were also found with the skulls supporting the fact that they are in fact Homo Sapiens
Point 4: Identical Tools Found on Opposite Sides of the World -Identical tools have been found thousands of miles away, which would suggest that human came from one single origin and brought things (such as tools) from this single place of origin -Also identical forms of art have been found over long distances of land
Mary Hollis, I think you have some good solid points! The only thing I would say is just might be able to make your point about the tools a little clearer, but I think some of the unclearness is just because of the fact that you didn't go into as much depth as you will on your actual paper because this is only a blog.
Madeleine Gibson SORRRYYYY I POSTED THIS AT LIKE 8 ON MY WIKI THEN REALIZED IT WAS A BLOG MY BADDD
Ok so I think I'm supposed to post my ideas for my paper and I chose to defend the out of africa theory:
1. studies of the modern DNA show that there is very little genetic variation such such as race and hair color etc.
a. this proves that Homo Sapiens evolved from on single founding group out of one place
2. If the out of africa theory weren't true, then it would be impossible for different groups of hominids to evolve at the exact same pace to the very genetically similar homo sapiens that everyone is now.
b. this supports the theory that we evolved from one place and group out of africa
3. if a group of homo erectus had dispersed to other parts of the world before becoming homo sapiens, they would not have been capable of surviving and adapting to such different environments, therefore dying out.
c. this supports the out of africa theory because it would only be possible for the group of homo erectus to evolve as one group then spread out as they adapted later
mary hollis i think all of your points are really good except maybe the tools point because the homo erectus could have still come from the same place but come at an early time before they evolved to homo sapiens...if that makes sense - they could have come at any time. but other than that you're points are really good and very well written!!!
mary catherine basically i would say the same thing to you because the homo erectus could have come at any point in time and left the tools just may not have evolved into homo sapiens yet. I'm not sure if that makes sense but both of you all's blogs are amazing!
The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate 1. genetic evidence there next to none genetic diversity between humans what little diveresity there is is mainly found in africa 2. most homnid fossils were found in africa since most of the fossils were found in africa and some were homo sapiens this shows that homo erectus must have evolved into homo sapiens in africa
The out of africa theory is the most accurate theory for the origin of homo-sapiens. It is more accurate because of how much evidence it has to support the theory. The most hominid fossils have been found in the Riff Valley in Arica.
The out-of-africa theory is the most accurate because:
1. DNA and genetic evidence • A survey done across an African population has proven that they have a more genetical diverse population. It backs up the Out-of-Africa theory because they have had a longer period of time to accumulate genetic diversity.
2. Remains discovered in other areas, but originate form Africa, proved that modern humans arose in Africa only. • 340,000 year old stone tools were found in Majuangou, China in the 3rd sediment layer. The stone tools that were found were made of rocks that were unlike the rocks surrounding the sediment; which indicates that the Asian early humans transported the rocks from another place.
3. Fossils found around the globe have proven that Homo Sapiens originated in Africa. • A 36,000 year-old skull was found in South Africa provides proof that Homo Sapiens evolved in Africa, and then migrated north and south to other places because Homo Sapiens migrated into South Africa and down into Australia.
Fossils - - Fossil remains and artifacts represent a monumental body of evidence.
Population Differences - The distinct populations maintain different in places such as Asians in Asia, Australians in Australia.
Fossil Similarities -The hominid fossils from Australia have similar characteristics as seen in Indonesia and in northern Asia 100,000 years ago. Biologists (Morphological) studying evolution point out the fact that the Neanderthals and modern humans in the Near East shared an identical culture. They also argue that the Neanderthals were not fully replaced. The more recent DNA samples from Neanderthal fossils agrees with this belief.
- Recently, proponents of this theory have claimed that fossils show that a Homo erectus fossil from Java shared features with living Asians and early modern humans in Australia
The Out of Africa theory is the most accurate explanation of how Homo Sapiens evolved.
Reasons:
1. There is the highest amount of genetic variation among populations in Africa. This suggests that Homo Sapiens have been living here the longest, which supports the idea that all Homo Sapiens originated in Africa.
2. Humans have very little genetic variation compared to chimpanzees. This suggests that humans had a smaller gene pool. And that supports that a small group of humans originated in Africa and then spread out around the world.
3. The oldest known Homo Sapiens Skulls were found in Africa. This supports the out of Africa theory because it shows that Homo Erectus evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa earlier than any other region
4. Fosilized tools made of rock from africa were found is asia along with homo sapiens, which suggests that homo sapiens came from africa and brought tools with them
The out of Africa Theory is most accurate -Homo Erectus couldn't all adapt at the same rate because they would be in different climates -The oldest fossils are found in Africa -Genetic tests using DNA and the Y chromosome show that all people originated from Africa. -tools were found all over and in Africa which shows that hominids may have evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa and brought tools along which explains why there are tools all over.
Both theories are great explanations of our origin, but clearly the 'Multi-Regional' hypothesis is the most accurate. The 'Multi-Regional' hypothesis states that humans did not all come from a small group located in Africa, rather, that we (modern humans) evolved in multiple regions at similar times. The reason for that Homo Sapiens evolved into the same species is that there was enough gene mixing around the world that kept our species intact. Other supporting reasons are as follows:
1. Most resent research from the scientific literature 'Science' ; paleoanthropologists discovered evidence of Neanderthal DNA in modern humans from Europe and Asia. This demonstrates wide spread gene mixing between hominids in Europe and Asia. 2. Skulls were found in China that have traits of both Homo Sapiens and Homo Erectus dating as far back as 100,000 years ago. This was long before the out of Africa hypothesis says Homo Sapiens left Africa. This also implies that Homo Sapiens were evolving simultaneously in Asia and other parts of the world. 3. Molecular biologists examined DNA from cells of modern people that contain genes of Asian origin and trace back to about 200,000 years ago. This was reported in the journal 'Evolution' in July of 2007.
All of these reasons give credence to the 'Multi-Rerdional' hypothesis.
*Sorry this is so late, couldn't get to the blog yesterday. Not enough time and priority of due dates of assignments came into play.
The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate:
ReplyDelete• It states that Homo Erectus evolved into modern day humans in Africa, then travelled to other places around the world
• Main Points
Genetic Evidence and Genetic Variation:
• Little to no genetic variation among humans
• Meaning that humans evolved in one place (Africa)
• Most Genetic Variation is found in Africa
• Meaning that homo sapiens started off in Africa and evolved there
o Most of the population left and others stayed in Africa
Tools & Techniques
• Humans and Neanderthals had simlar tools and techniques
• This means that they had to evolve in one place and then move around the world because their tools techniques were the same
o The similarities proved to have come from the same place, not evolved separately
Skulls
• The oldest known Homo Sapiens Skulls were found in Africa
• This supports the out of Africa theory because it shows that Homo Erectus evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa
way to support your points! :)
ReplyDeleteyou have lots of back up to prove them which is great and will persuade your reader, nice job! :D you may want to add a little to your last point about the skulls, like some specific one of give information about the "Oldest" one found or something... just an idea :)
or give*
ReplyDeleteBlog Question 5
ReplyDeleteThere are two theories about how Homo Sapiens came to be from Homo Erectus. These theories are known as the "Out of Africa" model, the model of origin that states that Homo erectus traveled all over Eurasia and then back to Africa, and from there they breed and evolved into Homo Sapiens and The "Multi-regional" model, the model of origin that states that during this trip around the Eurasia, Homo Erectus interbreed and evolved into Homo Sapiens. It is argued which model is most accurate. Even though that in my debate for Mr. Allegra's Ancient History and Religion class I supported the "Multi-regional" model, I now support the "Out of Africa" model as the most accurate origin of Homo Sapiens. This is because:
1. Living humans (homo sapiens) derive from the species Homo Erectus that left Africa nearly two million years ago. This gives them plenty time to have gone around the world and then back to Africa and to slowly evolve into Homo Sapiens.
2. Levels of gene flow have been found between geographically separated populations. This prevents the forming of new species in other places (besides Africa).
3. Homo Sapiens ultimately arose in one place, Africa.
4. Homo Sapiens migrated out of Africa and replaced all other human populations, without breeding with other species.
5. (Much more information is included in my Essay)
~Michael Henley
For Annie,
ReplyDeleteIt looks like you've got some really valid points. Nice work. The only thing I would really change is that your points are a bit unorganized. This isn't necessarily a bad thing as long as YOU know what you're talking about. Other than that, it all looks pretty good.
I think that the out of Africa theory is correct because the oldest found fossils/ bones were found in Africa. Also the fact that how would people in different places evolve at the same time and how could people on the other side of the world have the same tools as each other? The answer that makes the most sence is that we all came from africa and spread out later. Also Africa has the most genetic variations then anyone in the world becasue they have been there the longest giving them more time to evolve and change.
ReplyDeleteGreat Job Michael!!! It looks really good except for a few little things... 1) There was a really long sentence in your first paragraph, explaining the out of africa and multi-regional views that you might want to turn into two sentences (but i mean mine is just bullets, so it doesn't even matter at this point). 2) you might want to expand on "levels of gene flow" and explain what it is etc. in your practice essay.
ReplyDeleteWhich Origen theory of Homo Sapiens is the most accurate?
ReplyDelete• The Multiregional theory is the most accurate.
o It states that Homo Erectus evolved in Africa, migrated out to other regions and then evolved into Homo Sapiens.
• Point one: the variation between different races of humans
o The multiregional theory accounts for the fact that there are different races throughout the world
• This would have taken longer if Homo sapiens had first evolved in Africa
• Point two: fossil evidence proves that Homo erectus had to migrate out because there have been Homo Erectus skeletons, skulls, ect. found in many different regions
o This disproves the theory that Homo Erectus stayed in Africa
• Point three: man cannot survive in Africa as primitive (of a part or structure in the first or early stage of formation or growth; rudimentary).
o Man needed tools in order to evolve, yet before they had tools they were only surviving off of staple foods (very simple traditional foods)
o The staple foods only grow if the area is fertile and Africa was not other than the 2 miles on either side of the Nile after annual flooding
• So since the conditions of Africa aren’t fertile enough for man to have survived then man could not have originated in Africa.
• There have been modern humans found in Australia, Mungo Man
o This finding then disproves the out of Africa theory because his genetic line has vanished yet his skeleton is completely modern which means that there could have be bottle necks that explain why some survived and others didn’t
• (will then go into detail about bottle necks)
~ ciel rodriguez
hey michael, why's Homo Sapiens ultimately arose in one place, Africa true???? SUPPORT YOUR STATEMENT :P
ReplyDeleteoh yeah and annie's right you need to elaborate on the gene flow, thats a statement, and a good one too, but whys it support your theory???
ReplyDeleteWell Ciel, gangin' up on me are you?
ReplyDeleteGreat Work! Only a few corrections:
1. Why are there so many friggginn' bullet points (not that it matters but it triggers my OCDness)
2. You've split some of your statements up with these bullets so it's hard to follow.
3. To be really nit picky, Be more specific on some parts. By some parts I mean one part i.e. This disproves the theory that Homo Erectus stayed in Africa. Why? but its no biggy (don't dump me on a post it)
Good job
~Michael Henley
i personally believe in the muliti-regional theory. Some examples of why i think so would be java man and beijing man. these skeletons of HOMO ERECTUS were both found OUTSIDE of africa. So if all homo sapiens evolved in africa, how did these two guys find their way to indonesia and china? The answer would be they probably DID NOT evolve in Africa. Also, the genetic evidence that supports the out of africa theory is not substantial because there could have been a bottleneck. a bottleneck is where there is a large drop in the population (drought, famine, etc.) and genetic diversity is lost. Its like if you have a bunch of jelly beans in tons of colors in a bottle. if you pour out only a small amount, (these jelly beans would be the survivors after whatever event took place) then all of the different colors that did not make it out of the bottle would die out. This could explain why we have nt found any genetic evidence that supports the multi-regional theory.
ReplyDeleteThe best theory for the origin of Homo Sapiens is the Out-of-Africa Theory. This theory states that Homo Sapiens formed in Africa and then traveled to other places in the world. Some supporting statements include the fact that fossils of modern day humans were discovered in Africa confirming the theory. Also, modern human differences is a recent phenomenon, which disproves one point of the multi regional theory. Neanderthals and humans constructed like tools proving that both species evolved in the same region. Genetic variation is minute proving that interbreeding between species was minimal, again confirming the theory that homo sapiens evolved in the same place.
ReplyDeleteLauren,
ReplyDeleteYou said that fossils of modern day humans were founds in Africa, and that therefore confirms the theory. Haven't skeletons of modern day humans been found most everywhere? You also said that modern human differences disproves the multi-regional theory. I think that this just even further disproves the out of africa theory because if all modern humans evolved in the same place (africa) then wouldnt all modern humans look the same?
The most resonable and best theory for the origin of the Homo Sapiens is the "Out of Africa" Theory. This theory states that the Homo Sapiens were created only once in Africa and then departed from Africa to other parts of the region. The first point is there are specific DNA evidence that back up this theory that cannot be argued in any way. The y-chromosome allows scientists to study the DNA of people from all around the world. These y-chromosomes that have been researched have found that they are all similar. Nothing can be more specific than DNA. The second point is that there are the difference in the tools being used. When the skeletons of the Homo Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens were found there were tools that resembled each other and rarely differed from each other. This would back up our theory because if the tools they had were the same, they would have to have originated from the same place, hard to make the same tools if you didn't live next to one another. The third point is fossil evidence. Although there have been fossils that have been found in many different regions such as Java Man and Beijing Man, the oldest Homo Erectus fossil found still resides in Africa, making Africa the most possible place for Homo Erectus to have evolved into Homo Sapiens.
ReplyDeleteAnnie, you did a wonderful job at backing up all of your points, but the last one about the fossils try to back it up with more evidence, it can easily be argued!!
ReplyDeleteMichael, you have great points but the only advice I would give you is to back up your statements more thouroughly! Great job though!!
Robert, I thought you came out with your points very well and did a great job at stressing them, maybe add another point because your points are fairly short, but it looks really good!
Ciel, it looks like you are ready to write your essay, your points are clearly labeled and it looks very good!!!
Lauren, your points look good as well. I would try to elaborate on them to prove to the reader that your theory is the best theory! Watch out for what Robert said, he did put out a good point!
Before Homo sapiens came to be, Homo erectus was the species closest to modern day humans. The question is how did Homo erectus evolve into Homo sapiens? There are two theories, the Out-of-Africa theory and the Multiregional theory. The Out-of-Africa theory states that Homo erectus evolved once, in Africa, and later emigrated to Europe and Asia. The Multiregional theory argues that Homo erectus left Africa and emigrated throughout Asia and Europe. As a result, Homo erectus evolved into Homo sapiens in each region of migration, but interbreeding occurred.
ReplyDeleteThe Multiregional theory can be supported with the variation of races in the human population, fossils, and the theory that a bottleneck occurred.
1. Variation of races: Natural selection is responsible for the regional variants, or races. Homo erectus evolved into Homo sapiens in various regions, but the environment gave each region a small physical distinction to help them better survive. Homo Erectus left Africa about 1.8 million years ago, giving Homo sapiens enough time to adapt to their new environment, but in the Out-of-Africa theory, Homo sapiens left Africa about 100,000 years ago. One hundred thousand years would not be enough time for Homo sapiens to evolve into different races.
2. Fossils: Java Man, found in Indonesia, and Beijing Man, found in China, were two Homo erectus skeletons found outside of Africa. There have also been discoveries of in China, where a couple of skulls dated to roughly 100,000 years ago possess a mixture of Homo erectus and Homo sapiens traits.
3. Bottleneck: The genetic evidence used to support the Out-of-Africa theory is not accurate, because a bottleneck could have occurred. A bottleneck is a large decrease in population due to a famine, drought, or other environmental change. Bottlenecking is why genetic evidence that supports the Multiregional theory has not been found.
Ciel---
ReplyDeleteNice job! I like that you chose the Multi-Regional theory (probably had something to do with your team's good debate skills hahaha :P). I only have a few things to comment on your work:
1) I know its silly but u spelled origin wrong and its bugging me...
2) I hate to admit it but Michael's right about the some of the statements being hard to understand just because the bullets break them up
3) Under "Point one" you say that "this would have taken longer if Homo Sapiens evolved in africa". This doesn't really support your statement, it's a good fact but I think you should add a more supportive point to your argument.
Way to go! :P
The out of Africa theory is the most accurate. The theory states that Homo Erectus evolved into modern day humans in Africa, then traveled to other places around the world. Genetic evidence and variation defends this theory with the fact that there is practically no genetic variation between humans. The few genetic variations that are found have been in Africa. The out of Africa theory states that Homo-sapiens started off in Africa and evolved there, most populations left while others in Africa. humans and neanderthals lived among each other at one point in history, this can be proven with the similarities shared by the their tools. the oldest Homo Sapien fossil has been found in Africa, supporting once again the out of Africa theory.
ReplyDeleteciel you honestly are ready for practice essay, you have things to support all you statements and everything! alyson you also did really well, you have it sweet and simple along with your main points and the facts you can support them with. Annie you have valid points and did amazing too, i'd organize it more for others to really understand what your talking about better but good job everyone.
ReplyDeleteLauren,
ReplyDeleteI definitely agreed with what Robert said. Fossils of modern day humans have been found everywhere. You could say that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens fossils have been found in the same place, which helps support Out-of-Africa. I would be more specific and give more support to your statements. What is the multi-regional theory on races? How does Neanderthals and humans having the same tools help support Out-of-Africa theory?
Robert,
ReplyDeleteGood points! (for both commenting on mine and the answer to the question) BUT weren't Java man and Beijing man found relatively recently?? This would prove the out of africa theory because its saying that they moved out of africa later rather than earlier
Alyson,
Really good! I like how you went into detail about everything you mentioned and fully explained everything. I would say the same thing i said to robert but you included the part about fossils being found in china. That was saying that the skulls dated to 100,000 years ago (which was the time that homo sapiens left africa in the out of africa theory) and counters the argument with the idea that homo sapiens had moved out of africa earlier than 100,000 years ago.
Lara,
ReplyDeleteYou start off great, but after you state that the few genetic variations have been found in Africa, your next statement restates what you have already said and you do not complete your thought. How do we know Neanderthals and Homo sapiens lived among each other at a time in history? I like where you are going with it though. Good job!
Lauren,
ReplyDeleteIt would prove the out of africa theory, but the important thing is that they are both Homo Erectus, not Homo Sapiens. This would help support the multi-regional theory since it shows that Homo Erectus has been found in other places than Africa. Also, the point at which the skeletons were discovered does not have any impact on their substantiality as pieces of evidence.
The Out Of Africa theory, which states that, all humans evolved in Africa and move out around the world is more accurate than the multi regional theory because the oldest skulls were found in Africa proving that all humans had to start there and then move out.
ReplyDeleteRobert,
ReplyDeleteI see your point! Good argument.. I forgot about the Homo Erectus part. I dont get what your saying about the skeletons?
Lauren,
ReplyDeleteYou said that the fact that Java Man and Beijing Man were found recently proved the Out of Africa theory because it sates that they moved out of Africa later as oppose to earlier. I was just saying that the date in which they were discovered does not have any impact as to whether or not they are circumstantial pieces of evidence.
The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate. The Out of Africa says that Homo sapiens had evolved in Africa and then traveled to other parts of the world. It is the most accurate because there has been more evidence to support it. Some of the evidence is that we have found the oldest fossil in Africa. Also that we had found tools used by Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals that were very similar indicating that they most likely had to live near each other to be able to develop such similar tools. Finally, through the study of DNA and the Y-chrosome we have discovered that everybody shares a similar y-chrosome.
ReplyDeleteOwen,
ReplyDeleteI dig your analysis.
The Out of Africa theory is the most accurate. The Out of Africa Theory states that humans originated in Africa and then spread out into other continents over time. There are many facts supporting this theory. For one, studies of mitochondrial DNA has proven that Africans have the most genetic variation. From this, scientists can infer that Africans have been on Earth longer than anyone else. Scientists and Archaeologists have also found fossils and that skulls in Africa that date back longer than any other fossils found in another location.
ReplyDeleteOwen,
ReplyDeleteI like your details about the chromosomes and how the tools were similar.
Robert,
ReplyDeletegreat start, but i would start to explain in more detail some supporting facts about the Out of Africa Theory.
I believe that the Multi-regional theory is the most accurate theory for the "origin of Homo Sapiens". The multi-regional theory states that Homo Erectus moved out through all of the world from Africa, and then transformed into Homo sapiens in their new locations, and some in Africa because some Homo Erectus stayed there. DNA has proven that we all have blood from Africa where Homo Erectus originated, and we all have common blood types with Homo Erectus, who we came from, the cache is that we do not have a direct african blood connection (with the exception of the Homo Sapiens that have been created from the Homo Erectus in africa), which means that we could not have directly lived and been created in africa. Also skeletons of Homo Erectus have been found in places outside of Africa, which proves that Homo Erectus traveled versus just staying in Africa and Homo Sapiens just being created there.
ReplyDeleteRobert,
ReplyDeleteThanks for clarifying! Yeah I get what you are saying... How old the bones are would be better than when they were found. I'll beat you next time though. watch out
Owen,
Are you in our class?
Lauren,
ReplyDeleteYou had really good points to support your theory! The idea about the fossils could have been in a little bit more detail, such as going into depth and tell why it disproves the other theory. Other than that it was really rockin!
Alyson,
You had really good details to support you points! It went into depth and answered most of the questions that could be debatable. The info was also relevant and correct... i think lol Nice Blog entry!
Pro Out-of-Africa Theory
ReplyDeletePoint 1: Genetic Similarity Between Modern Day Humans
-Humans today contain a large amount of genetic similarity. This
suggests that humans came from one single ancestor.
-This is proven by the tracking of mitochondrial DNA and Y-
chromosomes in humans
Point 2: Genetic Variation is Highest in Africa
-There is the highest amount of genetic variation among populations in
Africa.
-This suggests that Homo Sapiens have been living here the longest,
which supports the idea that all Homo Sapiens originated in Africa.
Point 3: Oldest Homo Sapiens fossils found in Africa
-The fossilized skulls of two adult Homo Sapiens and one child
Homo Sapiens were found in the Afar region of Ethiopia near the
Herto Village
-Skulls date back to 160,000 making them the oldest known fossils
of Homo Sapiens (The skulls are anatomically modern)
-Skulls date back to around the time when biologists predict a
“mitochondrial eve” would have arisen
-Advanced tools were also found with the skulls supporting the fact
that they are in fact Homo Sapiens
Point 4: Identical Tools Found on Opposite Sides of the World
-Identical tools have been found thousands of miles away, which
would suggest that human came from one single origin and
brought things (such as tools) from this single place of origin
-Also identical forms of art have been found over long distances of
land
Mary Hollis,
ReplyDeleteI think you have some good solid points! The only thing I would say is just might be able to make your point about the tools a little clearer, but I think some of the unclearness is just because of the fact that you didn't go into as much depth as you will on your actual paper because this is only a blog.
Madeleine Gibson
ReplyDeleteSORRRYYYY I POSTED THIS AT LIKE 8 ON MY WIKI THEN REALIZED IT WAS A BLOG MY BADDD
Ok so I think I'm supposed to post my ideas for my paper and I chose to defend the out of africa theory:
1. studies of the modern DNA show that there is very little genetic variation such such as race and hair color etc.
a. this proves that Homo Sapiens evolved from on single founding group out of one place
2. If the out of africa theory weren't true, then it would be impossible for different groups of hominids to evolve at the exact same pace to the very genetically similar homo sapiens that everyone is now.
b. this supports the theory that we evolved from one place and group out of africa
3. if a group of homo erectus had dispersed to other parts of the world before becoming homo sapiens, they would not have been capable of surviving and adapting to such different environments, therefore dying out.
c. this supports the out of africa theory because it would only be possible for the group of homo erectus to evolve as one group then spread out as they adapted later
MADELEINE
mary hollis i think all of your points are really good except maybe the tools point because the homo erectus could have still come from the same place but come at an early time before they evolved to homo sapiens...if that makes sense - they could have come at any time. but other than that you're points are really good and very well written!!!
ReplyDeletemary catherine
basically i would say the same thing to you because the homo erectus could have come at any point in time and left the tools just may not have evolved into homo sapiens yet.
I'm not sure if that makes sense but both of you all's blogs are amazing!
The Out of Africa Theory is the most accurate
ReplyDelete1. genetic evidence
there next to none genetic diversity between humans
what little diveresity there is is mainly found in africa
2. most homnid fossils were found in africa
since most of the fossils were found in africa and some were homo sapiens this shows that homo erectus must have evolved into homo sapiens in africa
The out of africa theory is the most accurate theory for the origin of homo-sapiens. It is more accurate because of how much evidence it has to support the theory. The most hominid fossils have been found in the Riff Valley in Arica.
ReplyDeleteThe out-of-africa theory is the most accurate because:
ReplyDelete1. DNA and genetic evidence
• A survey done across an African population has proven that they have a more genetical diverse population. It backs up the Out-of-Africa theory because they have had a longer period of time to accumulate genetic diversity.
2. Remains discovered in other areas, but originate form Africa, proved that modern humans arose in Africa only.
• 340,000 year old stone tools were found in Majuangou, China in the 3rd sediment layer. The stone tools that were found were made of rocks that were unlike the rocks surrounding the sediment; which indicates that the Asian early humans transported the rocks from another place.
3. Fossils found around the globe have proven that Homo Sapiens originated in Africa.
• A 36,000 year-old skull was found in South Africa provides proof that Homo Sapiens evolved in Africa, and then migrated north and south to other places because Homo Sapiens migrated into South Africa and down into Australia.
Multiregional Theory Supporting Points -
ReplyDeleteFossils -
- Fossil remains and artifacts represent a monumental body of evidence.
Population Differences
- The distinct populations maintain different in places such as Asians in Asia, Australians in Australia.
Fossil Similarities
-The hominid fossils from Australia have similar characteristics as seen in Indonesia and in northern Asia 100,000 years ago. Biologists (Morphological) studying evolution point out the fact that the Neanderthals and modern humans in the Near East shared an identical culture. They also argue that the Neanderthals were not fully replaced. The more recent DNA samples from Neanderthal fossils agrees with this belief.
- Recently, proponents of this theory have claimed that fossils show that a Homo erectus fossil from Java shared features with living Asians and early modern humans in Australia
The Out of Africa theory is the most accurate explanation of how Homo Sapiens evolved.
ReplyDeleteReasons:
1. There is the highest amount of genetic variation among populations in
Africa. This suggests that Homo Sapiens have been living here the longest, which supports the idea that all Homo Sapiens originated in Africa.
2. Humans have very little genetic variation compared to chimpanzees. This suggests that humans had a smaller gene pool. And that supports that a small group of humans originated in Africa and then spread out around the world.
3. The oldest known Homo Sapiens Skulls were found in Africa. This supports the out of Africa theory because it shows that Homo Erectus evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa earlier than any other region
4. Fosilized tools made of rock from africa were found is asia along with homo sapiens, which suggests that homo sapiens came from africa and brought tools with them
The out of Africa Theory is most accurate
ReplyDelete-Homo Erectus couldn't all adapt at the same rate because they would be in different climates
-The oldest fossils are found in Africa
-Genetic tests using DNA and the Y chromosome show that all people originated from Africa.
-tools were found all over and in Africa which shows that hominids may have evolved into Homo Sapiens in Africa and brought tools along which explains why there are tools all over.
Miles,
ReplyDeleteGreat explination! you could use a little more detail but otherwise great job.
Stephen
Robert,
ReplyDeleteGreat explination and support.
Stephen
Both theories are great explanations of our origin, but clearly the 'Multi-Regional' hypothesis is the most accurate. The 'Multi-Regional' hypothesis states that humans did not all come from a small group located in Africa, rather, that we (modern humans) evolved in multiple regions at similar times. The reason for that Homo Sapiens evolved into the same species is that there was enough gene mixing around the world that kept our species intact. Other supporting reasons are as follows:
ReplyDelete1. Most resent research from the scientific literature 'Science' ; paleoanthropologists discovered evidence of Neanderthal DNA in modern humans from Europe and Asia. This demonstrates wide spread gene mixing between hominids in Europe and Asia.
2. Skulls were found in China that have traits of both Homo Sapiens and Homo Erectus dating as far back as 100,000 years ago. This was long before the out of Africa hypothesis says Homo Sapiens left Africa. This also implies that Homo Sapiens were evolving simultaneously in Asia and other parts of the world.
3. Molecular biologists examined DNA from cells of modern people that contain genes of Asian origin and trace back to about 200,000 years ago. This was reported in the journal 'Evolution' in July of 2007.
All of these reasons give credence to the 'Multi-Rerdional' hypothesis.
*Sorry this is so late, couldn't get to the blog yesterday. Not enough time and priority of due dates of assignments came into play.
The Out-of-Africa theory is most accurate because it has DNA to support it, fossil evidence (times and places), and the bacteria in people’s stomach.
ReplyDelete